Flowering and fruiting patterns in Milicia excelsa and Milicia regia Welw. The wood and sawdust may cause dermatitis, irritation to nose and throat, and asthmatic reactions, due to the presence of the phenol chlorophorin[299 ]. Plants For A Future can not take any responsibility for any adverse effects from the use of plants. * Please note: the comments by website users are not necessarily those held by PFAF and may give misleading or inaccurate information. The gravity is about 0.55 g/cm3. Scientific Name: Milicia excelsa, M. regia (syn. African teak succeeds on a large variety of soils so long as they are fertile, it is especially sensitive to low levels of potassium and phosphorus[299 ]. Milicia regia is considered to be a priority for in situ conservation[299. Deciduous, semi-deciduous or evergreen, primary or secondary forest, with an apparent preference for drier forest types, at elevations up to 1,200 metres. Ken Fern, Please donate to support our ‘Plants to Save the Planet’ Project. Plio-Pleistocene history and phylogeography of Acacia senegal in dry woodlands and savannahs of sub-Saharan tropical Africa: evidence of early colonisation and recent range expansion. Iroko is a highly valued commercial timber in Africa, for which demand is large. A natural pioneer species within its native range, supplying a high-grade timber. Other uses include floorings, steps and stairs, paneling and moldings, decorative veneer, plywood and the construction of vehicle and truck bodies (Oteng-Amoako, 2006). As it is resistant to acids and bases, it is used for tanks and barrels for food and chemical products and for laboratory benches. Iroko (Milicia excelsa) is a widely used attractive and durable hardwood from the west coast of Africa. The wood is somewhat greasy and is odourless[299 ]. Baobab Tree Senegal IROKO = Milicia Excelsa = African Teak : Iroko is a large hardwood Tree from the west coast of tropical Africa the Tree is known to the Yoruba as Irókò or loko and is believed to have supernatural properties. The bark is used for dyeing leather and cloth[299 ]. Only comments or links that are felt to be directly relevant to a plant will be included. The IUCN has this species on the Red List under ‘Near Threatened’ (BIZOUX, J.-P., 2009). Trees are fairly fast growing - in a 6-year-old plantation some trees were over 6 metres tall, although the variability was large[299 ]. Origin: West Africa. Tearing in planing can be avoided by using cutting angles of 15° or less. Iroko Hardwood Flooring. African teak is a large, deciduous tree with a wide, flat crown; it can grow up to 50 metres tall [ 299. pH: A = acid N = neutral B = basic (alkaline). Young trees grow continuously, but growth of adult trees is periodical[299 ]. The timber is strong, durable and weather resistant and is much used for outdoor and indoor constructional work, including boat building. Other Uses The mature leaves have been used as sandpaper[299 ]. You can unsubscribe at anytime. Iroko (Milicia excelsa) Common Name(s): Iroko. Ghana J Forest 1: 19–29. Edible Parts: Fruit  LeavesEdible Uses: Young leaves - cooked[299 ]. Range. We are currently updating this section. Jard. M. excelsa contributes to cure 45 human diseases. When sown fresh it normally gives good germination rates of 90% or more within 2 - 4 weeks[299 ]. Suitable for biscuits, pies, tarts, pizzas, pastries and many more. The first test tube was shaken Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species. Milicia excelsa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. [299 ]. Milicia excelsa grows across the entire width of tropical Africa from the Ivory Coast southward to Angola and eastward to East Africa. Always seek advice from a professional before using a plant medicinally.African teak is widely used in African traditional medicine. It is used as sliced veneer but only rarely as rotary veneer[299 , 848 ]. It is large and deciduous, growing up to 50 m high and 350 cm in trunk diameter. The grain is interlocked; texture medium to coarse; figure mottled. The powdered bark is used for coughs, heart problems and lassitude. Local Name: Odum. Milicia excelsa, etc ; Bursaphelenchus; females; morphometry; new species; phylogeny; tail; vulva; wood; Cameroon; Italy; Show all 11 Subjects Abstract: A new species of Bursaphelenchus, extracted from unprocessed logs of Milicia excelsa from Cameroon and arriving in the port of Leghorn, Tuscany, Central Italy, is described. It is large and deciduous, growing up to 50 m high and 350 cm in trunk diameter. Milicia regia, however, is limited to extreme West Africa from Gambia to Ghana; it is less resistant to drought than is M. excelsa. Please note that a plant may be invasive in one area but may not in your area so it’s worth checking. 2. Uses: kitchen worktops, sink and island worktops, desk worktops, bathroom worktops, breakfast bars. Hence, this study examined the acute toxicity (LD 50) and anti-diarrheal effect of methanol root bark extract of Milicia excelsa per oral in rats as well as the probable phytoconstituents responsible for this effect. Iroko (Milicia excelsa) ... Also used for carving, domestic utensils, musical instruments and toys. C.C. African Teak, Abeng, Ala, Bang, Bangi, Bangui, Diedie, Iroko, Kambala, Mucuco, Murritulula, Muule, Mvule, Ngunde, Odum, Tule, Uloko, african oak, loko, msule, mwala, orjih, roko, sanga, semo. Also meets CITES Appendix II criteria. It is also extremely resistant to preservative treatments whereas the sapwood is permeable. Formerly known as Milicia excelsa Benth. No need to add an abundance of flour down before rolling or kneading. Richard Morris. Chlorophora excelsa, C. regia) Distribution: Tropical Africa. Most provide delicious and nutritious fruit, but many also have edible leaves, seeds, flowers, stems or roots, or they yield edible or useful oil. Milicia excelsa) and Chlorophora regia (syn. Comparison of leaf traits between Milicia excelsa and M. regia specimens, identified from the presence (Soft=1) or absence (Soft=0) of hairs at the lower surface of leaf. C.C. Book titles include Edible Plants, Edible Perennials, Edible Trees, and Woodland Gardening. Growth: S = slow M = medium F = fast. Family: Meliaceae In Swahili this tree is called mvule, and in Latin it was formerly called Cholophora excelsa.It is traded as iroko.. Milicia excelsa Welw. Arbre de l'incarnation du roi KPASSE LOKO, fondateur de la ville historique et de la forêt sacré de KPASSE OUIDAH au Bénin.jpg 5,184 × 3,888; 6.99 MB. The ripe fruits are edible[299 ]. Copy and print the QR code to a plant label, poster, book, website, magazines, newspaper etc and even t-shirts. Its presence is considered to be an indicator of fertile soil suitable for cultivation[299 ]. Its latex, leaf, stem bark, root, fruit, and ashes are used in African traditional medicines to prepare traditional The wood is also used as firewood and for making charcoal. Environmental. It has a yellowish to golden colour which tends to darken over time. 52: 227 (1982); in Fl.Cameroun 28: 9, t. 2 (1985); in F.T.E.A., Moraceae: 4 (1989). Ghanaian Name Botanical Name Alternative Name Uses; Odum Milicia excelsa = Chloroplora excelsa; M. regia = C.regia: Abang, Iroko, Kambala, Moreira, Mvule, Odoum Introduction Inflammation is a pathophysiological response of the body to injury, infection or destruction characterized by heat, … This has made it suitable for multiple uses. document.write(s); This is a QR code (short for Quick Response) which gives fast-track access to our website pages. Berg [family MORACEAE], in Bull. The fruits are edible and the fruit juice is used for flavoring. Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) is used to treat mental illnesses, among other traditional uses in Africa, but no scientific supports for its use. Last update on 2019-06-13: Now containing 11906 plants. * Updates on new information & functionality of the website & database Vernacular names [ edit ] Listed in the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species as LR – Lower Risk (near threatened): close to being classed as Vulnerable. Its more stable derivative, hexahydrochlorophorin, may have potential for use in skin-whitening agents and for treating disturbances in pigmentation[299 ]. Seeds are sown in a seedbed and transplanted to pots or nursery beds 3 weeks after germination. The bark is aphrodisiac, galactagogue, purgative and tonic[299 ]. Grafting[299 ]. C.C.Berg. African Teak is threatened by habitat loss. Exploitation is often unsustainable - in the 1980's, for example, the extraction rate of Milicia regia and Milicia excelsa in Ghana was estimated to be about 173,000 m³ per year, whereas the regeneration rate was estimated to be only about 29,000 m³ per year. Root cuttings[299 ]. It is used for construction work, shipbuilding and marine carpentry, sleepers, sluice gates, framework, trucks, draining boards, outdoor and indoor joinery, stairs, doors, frames, garden furniture, cabinet work, panelling, flooring and profile boards for decorative and structural uses. Young leaves are cooked. Stem cuttings[299 ]. If available other names are mentioned here. Iroko is yielded mostly (probably) by Milicia excelsa. Family Name: Moraceae. Botanically known as Milicia excelsa and of the family of Moraceae, the Iroko tree is a vital timber tree across the world. Seeds were sown on a nursery bed at Mesawam Research Centre of the Forestry Research Institute of Ghana, Kumasi (annual rainfall, 1520 mm; altitude, 300 m; 6'30'N, 1'50'W) to produce stockplants. Right plant wrong place. For more information about QR Codes click here. It is listed as vulnerable due to a population reduction of over 20% in the past three generations, caused by a decline in its natural range, and exploitation. The bark is aphrodisiac, galactagogue, purgative and tonic[299 ]. SERVICES Erosion control: Trees are employed in soil conservation. QR Codes are barcodes that can be read by mobile phone (smartphone) cameras. They are also applied as an enema to cure piles, diarrhoea and dysentery[299 ]. Iroko Hardwood Flooring. Iroko - Milicia excelsa Janka Hardness = 1260 . Established in 1964, the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species has evolved to become the world’s most comprehensive information source on the global conservation status of animal, fungi and plant species. This beautiful White Marble Pastry Board is perfect for any baker. The study also produced the UV-VIS and FT-IR spectrum profile for Milicia excelsa leaf which could be used to identify the plant biomarkers and chemical markers. To accurately estimate the genetic diversity and population structure for improved conservation planning of Milicia excelsa tree, 212 individuals from twelve population samples covering the species' range in Benin were surveyed at seven specific microsatellite DNA loci. The trunk is often buttressed and can be branchless for up to 20 m. The crown is wide and flat. Average Dried Weight: 41 lbs/ft 3 (660 kg/m 3) Specific Gravity (Basic, 12% MC):.55, .66. Solid Iroko Hardwood Flooring. Other uses include joinery, flooring, furniture, veneer, and cabinetwork. It contains a mixture of golden to dark browns and has a close resemblance to Teak. We are adding search terms and icons to those plants pages, and providing a range of search options aligned to categories of plants and crop yields, with Help facilities including videos. Engineered Iroko Hardwood Flooring. In the dry season Milicia excelsa is deciduous for a short period. The latex is used as an anti-tumour agent and to clear stomach and throat obstructions. The different parts of the tree used are leaves (30.3%), bark (25.8%), root (23.6%), latex (10.1%), flaking bark (6.7%), wood, calcium concentrated in old trees, and gum (1.1% each). (Phytolyma lata) which destroy the growing point of each shoot and cause stunting or death. The latex is considered to be galactagogue[299 ]. Bureau. Milicia excelsa (welw.) Identity Taxonomic Tree List of Pests Uses List Wood Products Summary. The wood has good nailing, screwing, mortising and gluing properties and turns easily. General Information. These are as follows:- A root decoction is taken to treat female sterility. Other plant parts probably have similar medicinal uses as those of Milicia excelsa. Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) plant is used as an antidiarrheal agent in ethnomedicine but there is no scientific rationale for its claim. A decoction of the root and stem bark is taken as an aphrodisiac[299 ]. Media in category "Milicia excelsa" The following 38 files are in this category, out of 38 total. Accessed: 07-Oct-06. Keywords: Milicia excelsa; Anti-inflammatory; Membrane stabilizing assay; Plant biomarkers 1. IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants Status : Status: Lower Risk/near threatened. Iroko (Milicia excelsa) is a widely used attractive and durable hardwood from the west coast of Africa. A methanol extract of the stem bark has shown in-vivo anti-inflammatory properties[299 ]. We are adding search terms and icons to those plants pages, and providing a range of search options aligned to categories of plants and crop yields, with Help facilities including videos. Socio-cultural surveys were carried out on the basis of a questionnaire administered on 346 respondents in order to investigate cultural and ethnobotanic uses of Milicia excelsa in Benin.M. Milicia excelsa or African Teak is a nitrogen-fixing tree that can also be used as a shade tree. It is up to 7.5cm long and 2.5 cm wide[303 ]. It is found in patches of taller, damper miombo woodland and coastal forest in Kilwa District, and is widely distributed in tropical Africa. Deutsch-Ostafrika, Ostafrikanische Nutzpflanzen (Busse) - Tafel 41 - Chlorophora excelsa.jpg 1,644 × 1,195; 226 KB. It is also used for carving, domestic utensils, musical instruments and toys. It was identified and authenticated by Mr. G. A. Ademoriyo of the Herbarium Unit, Department of Botany, Faculty of Sciences, OAU, Ile-Ife and herbarium number Ife-17482 was obtained. Iroko has an inherent resistance to acids and bases. The heartwood is durable, workable and resistant to termites and marine borers. This is the common name for the genus Milicia, in which there are two recognized species, which are closely related: Milicia excelsa and Milicia regia. If you think a comment/link or information contained on this page is inaccurate or misleading we would welcome your feedback at admin@pfaf.org. Milicia excelsa. The bark is pale, thick, and produces milky latex once damaged. In the dry season Milicia excelsa is deciduous for a short period[299 ]. Solid Iroko Hardwood Flooring. To accurately estimate the genetic diversity and population structure for improved conservation planning of Milicia excelsa tree, 212 individuals from twelve population samples covering the species' range in Benin were surveyed at seven specific microsatellite DNA loci. Hence, this study examined the acute toxicity (LD 50 ) and anti-diarrheal effect of methanol root bark extract of Milicia excelsa per oral in rats as well as the probable phytoconstituents responsible for this effect. A decoction of the root and stem bark is taken as an aphrodisiac. The pour plate method was used. Tree Size: 100-130 ft (30-40 m) tall, 3-5 ft (1-1.5 m) trunk diameter. Although the iroko tree is referred to as the African teak, yet it is not related to the teak family. Hypoxia was induced by sodium nitrite Fruits or seeds are rarely used. Aim: Milicia excelsa stem bark is used as sedative and for treating mental illnesses among the Hausa tribe of Northern Nigeria, but there is no scientific rationale for its use. It is a pioneer species, demanding intense light and unable to stand deep shade[299 ]. Four weeks after germination, the seedlings were potted into black … All loci were variable, with the mean number of alleles per locus ranging from 5.86 to 7.69. African Teak, Iroko, Kambala, Moreira, Moule. Ghanaian Name Botanical Name Alternative Name Uses; Odum Milicia excelsa = Chloroplora excelsa; M. regia = C.regia: Abang, Iroko, Kambala, Moreira, Mvule, Odoum We are working on a subset of plants in the PFAF database identified as having the most potential for inclusion in such designs. The wood is of medium weight, moderately hard, of good durability, being resistent to fungi, dry wood borers and termites. If you would like to support this site, please consider, A statue entitled 'Notre Dame d'Afrique - Mère de toute grace; made from the wood of this tree. Iroko worktop is highly durable and easy to work with. C.C. The leaves and the ashes also have medicinal uses. Type a value in the Celsius field to convert the value to Fahrenheit: Plants For A Future have a number of books available in paperback and digital form. *Much of the base wood information presented here is made available by the USDA FPL FS. More >>>. Serial dilution of the (Milicia excelsa) sawdust was done before and during fermentation. A root decoction is taken to treat female sterility. It is a large deciduous tree 30 to 50 m high occurring naturally in humid forests of West Africa [10]. It takes 5 - 6 weeks from fertilization to fruit maturation. These trees were part of a tree-planting exercise throughout Uganda in the 1950's. The iroko tree (Milicia excelsa) is also known as Odum tree, Mvule or African teak, rock elm, teca Africana, African oak, Iroko, teck d’Afrique, moreira or teck kambala. If you have important information about this plant that may help other users please add a comment or link below. Milicia africana Sim Morus excels. Bark preparations are externally applied to treat scabies, wounds, loss of hair, fever, venereal diseases and sprains[299 ]. This is the common name for the genus Milicia, in which there are two recognized species, which are closely related: Milicia excelsa and Milicia regia. Bot. To leave a comment please Register or login here All comments need to be approved so will not appear immediately. We will not sell or share your email address. It is used to treat a wide range of conditions including cough, asthma, heart trouble, lumbago, spleen pain, stomach pain, abdominal pain, oedema, ascites, dysmenorrhoea, gonorrhoea, general fatigue, rheumatism, sprains[299 ]. Maclura excelsa (Welw.) Milicia excelsa is a durable wood used for the purposes of exterior and interior joinery, frames and doors, luxury cabinet works and garden furniture. International Institute of Tropical Agriculture, Marco Schmidt; African plants - A Photo Guide, http://en.sl.life.ku.dk/Publikationer/Udgivelser/PopulaerPublikationer.aspx?katid={D28373CC-6EF3-4EF8-B097-6D83FABF209E}&serieid={9F1C3DB1-6E7B-4CF1-AF53-F480B0CB40EF}&sort=title, Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. They are eaten to treat insanity, and a decoction is taken for the treatment of gallstones[299 ]. About 4 months after sowing the seedlings are around 30cm tall and ready for planting out in the field[299 ]. Uses As Per Literature: A root decoction is taken to treat female sterility. Milicia regia). Milicia regia is one of two trees known as "odum" in Ghana, the other being the closely related Milicia excelsa. Iroko wood derives from large, hardwood trees from the west coast of tropical Africa and is known by its species name as Milicia excelsa. Two phenolic compounds (chlorophorin and iroko) have shown in-vitro anti-amoebic activity[299 ]. In much of the literature on this timber the names of the trees that yields it are given as Chlorophora excelsa (syn. A tree of moist to wet tropical forests at low to medium elevations from sea level to 1,600 metres[325 ]. Iroko Hardwood Flooring . Conclusions: Based on the obtained results of this research it may be concluded that Milicia excelsa has the prospect of being used in agroforestry in multi-tree species systems. The tree can tolerate a dry season of up to 6 months and can grow in areas with mean annual rainfall as low as 700mm provided it has access to extra water from a perennial stream or underground source[303 ]. Photosensitivity = Yes (Turns Brown) Iroko Hardwood Flooring. It takes 5–6 weeks from fertilization to fruit maturation. Brux. A decoction of the root and stem bark is taken as an aphrodisiac[299 ]. M. excelsa contributes to cure 45 human diseases. Dioecious - both male and female forms need to be grown if seed is required[325 ]. Hence, this study investigated the antihypoxic potential of the ethanol leaf extract of Milicia excelsa in mice, as well as determined quantitatively the phytoconstituents present in the extract. * Exclusive content not on the website Botanical References. Agroforestry Uses: The tree is used for soil improvement through its leaf mulch, and soil conservation[299 , 325 ]. Hence, this study investigated the oral acute toxicity and sedative potential of ethanol stem bark extract, n-hexane, ethylacetate, n-butanol and aqueous fractions of the stem bark extract in mice. How it's used? Young Milicia excelsa trees grow continuously, but growth of adult trees is periodical. It prefers well-drained soils and does not tolerate impeded drainage[299 ]. Berg belongs to the family of Moraceae, popularly known as Iroko tree or African teak. Milicia excelsa Taxonomy ID: 58664 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid58664) current name If you have any useful information about this plant, please leave a comment. The bark is used for making the roofs of houses[299 ]. Once machined and finished (Owatrol Aquadecks) this timber really stands out and you can see why it is rightfully regarded as the Rolls Royce of decking. As herbal medicine, various plant parts of African Teak are used in the treatment of a wide range of conditions such as coughs, heart problems, inflammation, female sterility, asthma, stomach pain, abdominal pain, wounds, scabies, diarrhea, dysentery, and skin problems. A special thanks to Ken Fern for some of the information used on this page. From the fermented sawdust of (Milicia excelsa), 1 ml of the liquor was drawn aseptically with the aid of a sterile syringe and dispensed into 9 ml of distilled water in the first test tube (101). Known Hazards. It is also extremely resistant to preservative treatments whereas the sapwood is permeable. Moisture: D = dry M = Moist We = wet Wa = water. C.C. Iroko Other Common Names: African Teak Botanical Name: Milicia excelsa Source Region: Tropical Africa Common Uses: Veneer, flooring, furniture and… Jatoba Makore Iroko Characteristics . Milicia excelsa Taxonomy ID: 58664 (for references in articles please use NCBI:txid58664) current name. Milicia excelsa is widely used in African traditional medicine. Vernacular names [ edit ] Accessed: 07-Oct-06. Accessed: 07-Oct-06. & Hook.f., Milicia africana Sim, Maclura excelsa Bureau, Morus excelsa Welw.) with help from Common Uses: Veneer, flooring, furniture, cabinetry, boatbuilding, turned items, and other small specialty wood items. C.C.Berg are not distinguished in the timber trade, and are traded under the trade name ‘iroko’, or ‘odum’ in Ghana. Steam-bending properties of the wood are moderate[299 ]. On average it takes 130 years here for a tree to reach a trunk diameter of 80cm[299 ]. Milicia excelsa in the Germplasm Resources Information Network (GRIN), U.S. Department of Agriculture Agricultural Research Service. The trunk is often buttressed and can be branchless for up to 20 m. The crown is wide and flat. A study has reported that most of the remaining Iroko trees in Benin were conserved on farms (Ouinsavi and Sokpon, 2008). * Important announcements and news The fruits are green, wrinkled, long, and fleshy. All plant pages have their own unique code. The bark is pale, thick, and produces milky latex once damaged. We are working on a subset of plants in the PFAF database identified as having the most potential for inclusion in such designs. If you have questions about a plant please use the Forum on this website as we do not have the resources to answer questions ourselves. The wood of Milicia excelsa and the closely related Milicia regia (A.Chev.) Média dans la catégorie « Milicia excelsa » Cette catégorie comprend 37 fichiers, dont les 37 ci-dessous. Milicia excelsa (Welw.) The bark of young trees has been used for making loincloths[299 ]. Iroko wood The wood is used for a variety of purposes including boat-building, domestic flooring, furniture and outdoor gates. Smartphone users quickly have information on a plant directly for the pfaf.org website on their phone. Iroko is used for construction, furniture, flooring, panelling, etc. Trees respond well to pruning and coppicing[299 ]. Working properties for hand and machine tools are generally good but variable; the interlocked grain may hamper sawing and planing. Other frequently used trade names for Milicia excelsa are ‘kambala’ and ‘mvule’. Socio-cultural surveys were carried out on the basis of a questionnaire administered on 346 respondents in order to investigate cultural and ethnobotanic uses of Milicia excelsa in Benin. Characteristics. and Hook f., and Milicia regia A. Chev. Solid Iroko Hardwood Flooring. Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. Milicia excelsa (African teak) Index. It is taken in the treatment of stomach problems, hypertension, tumours and obstructions of the throat[299 ]. Arbre de l'incarnation du roi KPASSE LOKO, fondateur de la ville historique et de la forêt sacré de KPASSE OUIDAH au Bénin.jpg 5 184 × 3 888 ; 6,99 Mio Berg Uses With wood that is equivalent in value to teak, M. excelsa is one of the most important timber trees of tropical Africa. The wood contains the stilbene derivative chlorophorin, which prevents oil-based paints from drying, and which corrodes metal in contact with it. Most of the uses of sacred Trees for divine blessings or cure seem based on magical contact. Engineered Iroko Hardwood Flooring. Shade or shelter: M. excelsa is an excellent shade tree. Useful Tropical Plants Database 2014 by web interface by Our new book to be released soon is Edible Shrubs. Milicia excelsa planted in mixture with C. odorata significantly (p<0.05) showed higher plant height and stem diameter than those in pure stands. Edible Shrubs provides detailed information, attractively presented, on over 70 shrub species. A decoction of the root and stem bark is taken as an aphrodisiac. From West Africa to Sudan it flowers from December to March. Trees growing by the roadside in Manafwa District of Uganda. Care must be taken to position seedlings in full shade and The fruit juice is used for flavouring[299 ]. The LD 50 was>5000 mg/kg, suggesting its saf Young plants transplant well[299 ]. Because of these and many other uses of Milicia excelsa people have over harvested this species to the point of concern. [299 ]. Often occurs in gallery forest and in forest islands or as lone trees in savannah regions[299 ]. Cool and smooth, marble provides an ideal surface with its natural non-stick properties. Accessed: 07-Oct-06. It resembles teak and is mainly used for outdoor construction work, furniture, boats, cabinet work, panelling, frames and floors. The heartwood is durable, workable and resistant to termites and marine borers. A root decoction is taken to treat female sterility. Seedlings should be grown under shade to limit attacks by Phytolyma spp[299 ]. The timber is strong, durable and weather resistant and is much used for outdoor and indoor constructional work, including boat building. Odee DW, Telford A, Wilson J, Gaye A, Cavers S. (2012). Male trees can start flowering within 10 years from seed, but females can take 15 years[325 ]. 1. : agroecosystems of perennial plants, to choose the most appropriate plants for their requirements and site conditions. Shade: F = full shade S = semi-shade N = no shade. It contains a mixture of golden to dark browns and has a close resemblance to Teak. The database and code is licensed under a The leaves are green, long, and ovate with toothed edges. Benth. If you are interested in a much more technical description of wood properties, I encourage you to visit the source . Because of these and many other uses of Milicia excelsa people have over harvested this species to the point of concern. Materials and methods Four seedlots of Milicia excelsa (EA 713, AA 2, AB 9 and BK 3) were used for these experiments. Once machined and finished (Owatrol Aquadecks) this timber really stands out and you can see why it is rightfully regarded as the Rolls Royce of decking. For a list of references used on this page please go here Tropical Africa - Guinea Bissau east to Ethiopia and south to Angola, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. . Comments have to be approved before they are shown here. It finishes well, but filler is needed. Importance to the Environment. The sex ratio of Milicia excelsa was discovered to be approximately 1:1. Soil: L = light (sandy) M = medium H = heavy (clay). Name: Milicia excelsa. It occurs in regions with an average annual temperature of 25 - 35°c and an average annual rainfall of 1,150 - 1,900mm[299 ]. Milicia excelsa is a deciduous Tree growing to 50 m (164ft) by 35 m (114ft) at a medium rate. Stay informed about PFAFs progress, challenges and hopes by signing up for our free email ePost. This QR Code is unique to this page. Kiln Dried: Yes: Moisture Content: 12-16%: Durability: Very Durable: Exterior Interior: Exterior: Hardness: Medium/Hard: Workability: Difficult: Applications: Joinery, furniture, worktops, doors : Code: About Our Extra Wide Timber. Seed dispersal is mostly by birds, bats and squirrels[299 ]. Habitat. Countries where the plant has been found are listed here if the information is available. Iroko Hardwood Flooring. The timber from both trees is known as " iroko " and is used in construction, joinery, furniture making and the creation of mortars for grinding food. Milicia excelsa. strong, open grained and resistant to termites. Milicia excelsa or African Teak is a nitrogen-fixing tree that can also be used as a shade tree. It could be a useful addition in reforestation projects to restore native woodland[K ]. You will receive a range of benefits including: [Information courtesy of Timbmet Ltd] Distribution. African Teak, Iroko, Kambala, Moreira, Moule. & Hook.f., Milicia africana Sim, Maclura excelsa Bureau, Morus excelsa Welw.) Milicia excelsa (Welw.) Successful propagation has been achieved using stem cuttings from 1- and 2-year-old trees, but from mature trees cuttings should be taken from coppice shoots[299 ]. Seed - can be stored at room temperature for at least 12 months[325 ]. Berg Uses With wood that is equivalent in value to teak, M. excelsa is one of the most important timber trees of tropical Africa. Milicia excelsa leaves were collected within the campus of the Obafemi Awolowo University (OAU) Ile Ife Nigeria. Chlorophora excelsa (Welw.) Angola; Benin; Burundi; Cameroon; Central African Republic, Congo, The Democratic Republic of the; Côte d'Ivoire; Equatorial Guinea; Ethiopia; Gabon; Ghana; Kenya; Malawi; Mozambique; Nigeria; Rwanda; Sao Tomé and Principe; Sierra Leone; South Sudan; Sudan; Tanzania, United Republic of; Togo; Uganda; Zimbabwe, Africa, Asia, Burkina Faso, Central Africa, East Africa, Guinea-Bissau, India, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Liberia, Malawi, Mozambique, Nigeria, Rwanda, Sao Tome & Principe, Sierra Leone, Southern Africa, Sudan, Tanzania, Togo, Uganda, West Africa, Zambia, Zimbabwe. Iroko (also known as ọ́jị̀ in Igbo language, 'uloho' in the Urhobo language of Southern Nigeria, and as odum in the Kwa languages of Ghana) is a large hardwood tree from the west coast of tropical Africa that can live up to 500 years. The heartwood is pale yellow to yellow, darkening on exposure to yellowish or greenish brown or sometimes to chocolate brown; it is clearly demarcated from the 50 - 75mm wide band of yellowish white sapwood. All loci were variable, with the mean number of alleles per locus ranging from 5.86 to 7.69. The fruit is green, wrinkled, fleshy and resembles a fat green caterpillar[299 ]. Identity Taxonomic Tree List of Pests Uses List Wood Products Summary. Milicia excelsa C.C.Berg (syns Chlorophora alba A.Chev., Chlorophora excelsa Benth. The wood is rather abrasive due to the presence of hard deposits (‘iroko stones’, mainly consisting of calcium carbonate), which can blunt cutting edges. Tropical Africa - Guinea Bissau east to Ethiopia and south to Angola, Zimbabwe and Mozambique. Smartphone users scan the QR Code which automatically takes them to the webpage the QR Code came from. The leaves are galactagogue[299 ]. Milicia excelsa (Welw.) The Project is directed at enabling designers of ‘carbon farms’ and ‘food forests’: agroecosystems of perennial plants, to choose the most appropriate plants for their requirements and site conditions. Uses. It is one of the two species producing timber known as iroko. Milicia excelsa (Moraceae) plant is used as an antidiarrheal agent in ethnomedicine but there is no scientific rationale for its claim. Milicia excelsa C.C.Berg (syns Chlorophora alba A.Chev., Chlorophora excelsa Benth. Seed dispersal is mostly by birds, bats and squirrels. Externally, leaf preparations are used in the treatment of snakebites and fever, and as eye drops to treat filariasis. Milicia excelsa (African teak) Index. Research has shown that chlorophorin, a phenolic compound found in the plant, has inhibitory effects on melanin biosynthesis. For example, tanks and barrels for food, as well as chemical products and laboratory benches. The iroko tree (Milicia excelsa) is originally from Guinea Bissau before spreading to Benin, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Nigeria, United States, Angola, Tanzania, Cameroon, Kenya, Rwanda, India, Democratic Republic of the Congo and Zimbabwe. Iroko (also known as ọ́jị̀ in Igbo language, 'uloho' in the Urhobo language of Southern Nigeria, and as odum in the Kwa languages of Ghana) is a large hardwood tree from the west coast of tropical Africa that can live up to 500 years. Ajna Fern Externally, it is applied on burns, wounds, sores and against eczema and other skin problems[299 ]. They have been selected to provide a mix of different plant sizes and growing conditions. The wood is a highly valued commercial timber in Africa, for which demand is large. 3. var s = ''

milicia excelsa uses

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milicia excelsa uses 2020